LIUTPOLD, son of --- ([950/55]-murdered Würzburg 10 Jul 994, bur Würzburg). The origin of Liutpold is unknown. According to early tradition, he was descended from the "alte Babenberger" family whose genealogy is set out in the document FRANCONIA NOBILITY, accounting for the later attribution of this name to the dynasty. This descent does not appear to have been based on any primary source proof. More recently, it has been suggested that Markgraf Liutpold was the son of Arnulf Duke of Bavaria [Liutpoldinger] but this theory appears to be based solely on onomastics[29]. In fact, there are few typically "Liutpoldinger" names among Markgraf Liutpold's children, in particular Eberhard, Berthold and Arnulf are absent. Reuter says that Markgraf Liutpold was "related both to the Liutpoldinger and indirectly to the Babenberger"[30] but the basis for this statement is not known. His birth date is estimated on the basis that he was a young adult when installed as Markgraf. Graf in der Nordgau[31]. He was installed by Emperor Otto II in 976 as LIUTPOLD I Markgraf der Bayerischen Ostmark, the newly created march bordering Hungary. Graf im Traungau 977. Graf im Sundergau 979. Graf im Donaugau 983. The necrology of Fulda records the death in 994 of "Liutbold marchio"[32]. Thietmar records that "Leopold Markgraf of the East" was murdered on 10 Jul at Würzburg by an individual who wrongly blamed him for blinding his brother, and that he was buried at Würzburg[33]. The Liber Anniversariorum of Einsiedeln records the death in Jul of "Lupoldus com et marchio in Orientali Baioaria"[34]. The necrology of Regensburg St Emmeran records the death "VI Id Jul" of "Liutpolt marchio com"[35]. m RICHWARA, daughter of [ERNST Graf im Sualafeld & his wife ---] (-bur Stift Melk). A continuator of the Gesta Treverorum records "domnus Poppo" and "patri eius Luopaldi…qui regionis Austriæ marcam tenebat, mater…Richeza…ducis Germaniæ Franciæ filia"[36]. A list of names in the Verbrüderungsbuch of Reichenau abbey reads "Luitpold marches, Rihuuar, Iudita, Heinrich, Ernust, Poppo, Luitpold, Cunigurrt, Adalbr"[37], which appears to refer to Markgraf Liutpold, his wife and children. According to Europäische Stammtafeln[38], the wife of Markgraf I was the daughter of Graf Ernst. The primary source on which this is based has not yet been identified. It is possible that it is based solely on onomastic speculation, because of the transmission of the name Ernst into the Babenberg family with her son. Markgraf Liutpold I & his wife had [eight] children