Mon arbre généalogique

CHARLES, son of PEPIN "le Bref" King of the Franks & his wife Bertrada [Berta] "au Grand Pied" (near Aix-la-Chapelle 2 Apr 748-Aix-la-Chapelle 28 Jan 814, bur Aix-la-Chapelle, Chapelle Sainte-Marie). He is named first son of King Pépin and Bertrada in the Cartulaire of Saint-Bertin[57]. At the coronation of his father in 754, Charles was also anointed by Pope Stephen III [II][58]. On the death of his father, he received the larger part of Austrasia, Neustria and western Aquitaine, succeeding as CHARLES I joint King of the Franks, jointly with his brother Carloman, and was crowned 9 Oct 768 at Noyon. He suppressed the revolt of Hunald in Aquitaine in 769, over which he quarrelled with his brother Carloman[59]. On the death of his brother in 771, he set aside the rights of his nephew and became sole king of the Franks. He defended the Pope against the Lombards, conquering their kingdom in 773. He is recorded in charters as having used the title "rex Francorum et Langobardorum" from 5 Jun 774, adding "atque patricius Romanorum" from 16 Jul 774[60]. He accepted thesubmission of Saxony at Paderborn in 777. During his campaignin Spain in 778, he captured Pamplona, while Zaragoza, Huesca, Barcelona and Girona swore allegiance to him. He had his sons crowned king of the Lombards and king of the Aquitainians by Pope Adrian I at Rome 15 Apr 781. He incorporated Bavaria and Carinthia into his kingdom in 787, followed by Thuringia, Hessen and Alemannia, by 797. He re-established Pope Leo III after the latterwas ambushed by the Romans in799, and was crowned CHARLES I“Charlemagne” Emperor of the Romansin St Peter's Rome 25 Dec 800, whichthe Pope justified technically on thebasis of an alleged vacancy of theimperial throne, which could not be occupiedby a woman, during the reign atConstantinople of Empress Eirene. At the assembly of Thionville 6 Feb 806, Emperor Charles decided the division of territories between his sons. Byzantine ambassadorsfrom Emperor Mikhael I finally recognised Charlemagne as emperor (although not"Roman Emperor") at Aix-la-Chapelle in 812[61]. After the death of his two older sons, he crowned his son Louis as associate emperor at Aix-la-Chapelle 11 Sep 813. The necrology of Prüm records the death "814 V Kal Feb" of "Karolus imperator"[62]. The Annales Fuldenses record the death "814 V Kal Feb" of "Karolus imperator" at Aachen at the age of about 71[63]. The necrology of Saint-Germain-des-Prés records the death 814 “V Kal Feb” of “domni Karoli imperatoris”[64].

m firstly (769, repudiated [770/early 771]) --- of the Lombards, daughter of DESIDERIUS King of the Lombards & his wife Ansa ---. Einhard calls King Charles's first wife "filiam Desiderii regis Langobardorum"[65]. The Annales Fuldenses record that "Berhta regina" brought "filiam Desiderii regis Langobardorum" back from Italy as the wife for "Karolo filio suo"[66]. Her husband sent her back to her father after repudiating her.

m secondly (Aix-la-Chapelle 771 before 30 Apr) HILDEGARD, daughter of GEROLD Graf im Kraichgau [Udalrichinger] & his wife Imma (758-Thionville, Moselle 30 Apr 783[67], bur Metz, église abbatiale de Saint-Arnoul[68]). Einhard refers to Hildegard as "de gente Suavorum"[69]. Thegan's Vita Hludowici Imperatoris names her "Hildigardam quæerat de cognationeGotefridi ducis Alamannorum" and specifies that she was the daughter of Imma[70]. The Annales Laurissenses record the death "783 pridie Kal Mai" of "Hildegardis regina" and her burial "iuxta urbem Mettensem in basilica apostolorum et beati Arnulfi"[71]. She died from the after effects of childbirth, according to the epitaph of her daughter Hildegard[72]. Paulus Diaconus wrote an epitaph to "Hildegardis regina"[73].

m thirdly (Worms Oct 783[74]) FASTRADA, daughter of RADULF Graf & his wife --- (-Frankfurt-am-Main 10 Oct 794, bur Mainz, St Alban[75]). The Annales Laurissenses record the marriage in 783 at Worms of King Charles and "domne Fastradæ regina"[76]. Einhard's Annals record the king's marriage in 783 to "filiam Radolfi comitis natione Francam, nomine Fastradam"[77]. Fastrada, wife of King Charles, is referred to as "de Orientalium Francorum,Germanorum videlicet" by Einhard[78]. Her cruelty triggered the revolt of her husband's illegitimate son Pépin "le Bossu" in 792[79]. The Annales Xantenses record the death in Frankfurt in 794 of "Fastrada regina"[80]. Einhard records the death in 794 of "Fastrada regina" at Frankfurt and her burial "Mogontiaci apud sanctum Albanum"[81]. Theodulf wrote the epitaph of "Fastradæ reginæ"[82].

m fourthly ([794/autumn 796]) LIUTGARD, daughter of --- (-Tours 4 Jun 800, bur Tours, église Saint-Martin[83]). Einhard names "Liudgardam Alamannam" as King Charles's fourth wife, specifying that she died childless[84]. Angilbert's poem Ad Pippinum Italiæ regum names "Liutgardis" as the wife of King Charles[85]. The Annales Laurissenses Continuatio records the death "II Non Iun 800" at Tours of "domnæ Liutgardæ coniugis" and her burial at Tours[86].

Mistress (1): HIMILTRUD, daughter of ---. "Himiltrude nobili puella" is named mother of "Pippinum" in the Gesta Mettensium[87].

Mistress (2): ---. Einhard refers to "Ruodhaidem" as the daughter of King Charles and an unnamed concubine[88].

Mistress (3): [MADELGARD] , daughter of ---. Settipani names Madelgardis as the mistress of King Charles, and mother of Rothildis abbess of Faremoutiers[89]. However, he cites no primary source on which this is based, apart from a reference to an early 9th century list of nuns at Faremoutiers which includes the name. No reference has been found to her in any of the sources so far consulted.

Mistress (4): GERSWINDA, daughter of ---. Einhard names King Charles's concubine "Gersuindam Saxonici generis", and her daughter Adaltrud[90].

Mistress (5): REGINA, daughter of ---. 800. Einhard names King Charles's concubine "Reginam", and her sons "Drogonem et Hugum"[91].

Mistress (6): ADELINDIS, daughter of ---. 806. Einhard names King Charles's concubine "Adallindem", and her son "Theodricum"[92].